L'engouement pour cette musique essentiellement chorale, plus propre à représenter une nation que l'opéra ou la musique instrumentale, pose plusieurs questions d'ordre esthétique, religieux, politique, et sociologique. Comment créer le drame sans le théâtre ou dans la symphonie, notamment dans les oeuvres construites à partir d'une anthologie de textes poétiques ? Dans quelle mesure ces réécritures, traductions ou adaptations ou collations de textes bibliques ou poétiques, comme ceux de Walt Whitman par exemple, participent-elles à la construction d'une identité britannique, d'une musique nationale ou d'un projet de société ? Cet art choral mis au service d'une volonté politique contribue t-il à l'accès des classes populaires à la culture savante ?
Ce colloque s'adresse aux anglicistes, américanistes et comparatistes. Envoyez vos projets de communications avant le 1er mars 2009 à
Gilles Couderc gcouderc@club-internet.fr ou
Marcin Stawiarsky marcin_stawiarski@yahoo.fr
ORATORIOS and CHORAL SYMPHONIES in the ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD
A Conference organised by ERIBIA/Centre LSA
Friday & Saturday May 15th & 16th
Université de Caen Basse Normandie, MRSH, Room 006.
Organisation: Gilles COUDERC & Marcin STAWIARSKI
The English oratorio, that particular form of non-theatrical music drama, based on the Bible, which combines elements from English masques, anthems, French classical drama, Italian opera seria and oratorio, and German Protestant oratorio, with extended choral interventions, is essentially the creation of Handel, as Italian opera was dropping out of fashion in London. Its almost accidental birth in 1732 resulted from the Bishop of London's refusal to allow the revival of Handel's Esther and the use of Holy Writ on the opera stage. The new work was instant success and encouraged Handel to compose oratorios which later provided fodder for English choral societies, with hundreds of performers meeting for the 1791 Handel Festival to celebrate his music. The creation of music festivals or meetings such as the Three Choirs and the foundation of choral societies in cities, villages and later factories proved a ready market for this democratic and popular art form, regarded as a sure means to achieve moral salvation and secure social peace. The rise of English choralism, prompting the comment that England was divided in two classes, those who sing and those who don't, resulted from the invention of Tonic Sol-fa which made sight-singing easier by the Congregationalist minister John Curwen (1816-1880), from the expansion of the railways and from cheaper printed music. In the 1850's, London's Crystal Palace became the venue for epic performances of oratorios by Handel, Mendelssohn, Spohr, Gounod, Dvorak and their English imitators. To become a respectable British composer, it was essential to aim at the oratorio market, or its secular version, the dramatic ballads or choral symphonies commissioned by such festivals as Birmingham, Leeds, Liverpool or Norwich. The English musical Renaissance of the late 1890's, with Parry and Stanford, then Elgar, Delius, Holst and Vaughan-Williams, developed from within this tradition, much derided by G.B. Shaw. If choralism decreased after 1918 as new form of recreations emerged, like the cinema, and the demand for higher standards of performance increased, oratorios or choral symphonies successfully lived on with Walton, Tippett and Britten, not to mention Paul McCartney, or their American counterparts, Weill, Copland and Bernstein.
The popularity of such essentially choral music, fitter to represent a nation than opera or instrumental music, raises several questions involving aesthetics, religion, politics and sociology. How to create drama without the theatre, especially with the choral symphonies, particularly those based on anthologies of poetical texts? To what extent has the rewriting, adaptation, translation or collation of biblical texts or poetical works, like those of Walt Whitman for example, contributed to building a national identity, a national music or to social engineering? Has the choral movement, instrumentalised for moral and political purposes, helped the masses access high culture?
Abstracts should be sent before March 1 to
Gilles Couderc gcouderc@club-internet.fr or
Marcin Stawiarsky marcin_stawiarski@yahoo.fr
1er Colloque de la Société ontarienne des chercheurs en Ancien Régime (SOCAR 5-18)
Valeur(s) de l'art contemporain : exposition, économie, usage.
La réception de l'oeuvre de Georges Perec chez les écrivains contemporains
Les écritures du corps chez Romain Gary
"The Ear & the Aural in Early Modern French Poetry" (MLA 2009 proposed Special Session)
Metaphors of Space in American Culture
Colloque sur "Les Engagements"